Multimedia content search and recording scheduling system

ABSTRACT

Techniques described herein enable searching for multimedia content and for downloading or scheduling the recording of the multimedia content. The multimedia content may have been previously stored on one or more databases. The client device may download or schedule the recording of multimedia content in one step, for example, in one touch. When desired multimedia content is not available, the multimedia content is added to the client device&#39;s wish list. When the client device&#39;s does not have a wish list, the client device&#39;s wish list may be created on the spot. During the scheduling of the recording, a tag associated with the multimedia content is checked to determine whether the multimedia content is live or delayed. When the tag indicates the multimedia content is live or delayed, the client device prompts with a suggestion to add extra time to the end of the recording of the multimedia content.

CLAIM OF PRIORITY AND CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority, as a continuation application, to U.S.patent application Ser. No. 12/121,557, filed May 15, 2008, which claimsbenefit to U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 60/930,419, filed May 15,2007, entitled “Multi-Level Media Content Search And Recording System”,the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference as if fullyset forth herein, under 35 U.S.C. §120. The applicants hereby rescindany disclaimer of claim scope in the parent applications or theprosecution history thereof and advise the USPTO that the claims in thisapplication may be broader than any claim in the parent application(s).

This application is related to U.S. patent application Ser. No.12/121,619, entitled, “Program Data Progressive Search System,” filedMay 15, 2008, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/121,672, entitled,“Multimedia Content Search System,” filed May 15, 2008, and U.S. patentapplication Ser. No. 12/121,688, entitled, “Multimedia Content SearchSystem with Source and Field Differentiation,” filed May 15, 200, eachof which is owned by Applicant and is incorporated herein in itsentirety by this reference thereto.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to digital video recorders (“DVRs”). Theinvention relates more specifically to a multimedia content search andrecording scheduling system for DVRs.

BACKGROUND

The approaches described in this section could be pursued, but are notnecessarily approaches that have been previously conceived or pursued.Therefore, unless otherwise indicated herein, the approaches describedin this section are not prior art to the claims in this application andare not admitted to be prior art by inclusion in this section.

The introduction of the DVR to the consumer world has revolutionized theway users watch and record television programs. DVRs eliminate many ofthe complications of VCRs and the need for video tapes. DVRs recordtelevision programs on a hard drive that is capable of storing a largenumber of television programs. Because DVRs are usually box-like inshape, and are often found sitting on top of the television sets towhich they are connected, DVRs typically are included in the broadcategory of devices now called “set-top boxes.” Much like VCRs, DVRsreceive one or more television signals (which may represent televisionprograms and/or movies) as input from cables or satellite dishes, (or,in some cases, unlike VCRs, from broadband network connections) and alsooutput television signals to a television set or other display.

A DVR's user can instruct the DVR to schedule, for recording, specifiedcontent that may be broadcasted or otherwise transmitted to the DVR atsome future time. Thus, the user can schedule the automatic recording ofthe content in advance of the time that the DVR will receive thecontent. For example, the user can instruct the DVR to recordunspecified content that will be broadcasted on a specified channelbeginning at a specified date and time and ending at another specifiedtime. For another example, the user can instruct the DVR to record aspecified showing (on a specified channel, and beginning at a specifieddate and time) of a specified movie, specified event, or specifiedepisode of a multi-episode television series. For another example, theuser can instruct the DVR to record the next to-be-broadcasted instanceof a specified movie, specified event, or specified episode of amulti-episode television series without specifying the date, time, orchannel on which that instance will be broadcasted. For another example,the user can instruct the DVR to record all (or all first-run) episodesof a multi-episode television series on a specified channel withoutspecifying the dates or times at which those episodes will bebroadcasted. For another example, the user can instruct the DVR torecord all (or all first-run) instances of movies, events, or episodesof a multi-episode television series that are associated with aspecified keyword, a specified actor, and/or a specified directorwithout specifying the titles, channels, or broadcasting times of thoseinstances.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present invention is illustrated by way of example, and not by wayof limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in whichlike reference numerals refer to similar elements and in which:

FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a system for providing brandedvideo tags according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating a general overview of thecomponents of a Digital Video Recorder (DVR) according to an embodimentof the invention;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a servicecommunicating with broadband and broadcast databases according to anembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that allows auser to input search terms and dynamically displays a list of matchesaccording to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 5 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displays aprogram synopsis and user-selectable menu items according to anembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 6 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displays aprogram synopsis and user-selectable search terms according to anembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 7 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displaysupcoming program listings and user-selectable search terms according toan embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 8 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displaysdownloadable content listings and user-selectable search terms accordingto an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 9 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displays aprogram synopsis and a user-selectable episode guide according to anembodiment of the invention;

FIG. 10 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displaysan episode guide according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 11 illustrates an example of a user interface screen that displaysuser-selectable tags according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a system on which embodiments of theinvention may be implemented;

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a list and an anchor according to oneembodiment;

FIG. 14 is a screen shot showing a one touch record link according toone embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a screen shot showing a one touch record link according toone embodiment;

FIG. 16 is a screen shot showing a Create a WishList for this episodelink according to one embodiment; and

FIG. 17 is a flow diagram that illustrates a one touch record and wishlist process according to one embodiment.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

In the following description, for the purposes of explanation, numerousspecific details are set forth in order to provide a thoroughunderstanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however,that the present invention may be practiced without these specificdetails. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shownin block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring thepresent invention.

In the following discussion, in references to the drawings like numeralsrefer to like parts throughout the several views.

Embodiments are described herein according to the following outline:

-   -   1.0 General Overview    -   2.0 System Structural Overview    -   3.0 Example Techniques and Processes        -   3.1 Unified Searching of Broadband and Broadcast Multimedia            Content        -   3.2 Tagging Multimedia Content        -   3.3 Filtering Broadband and Broadcast Multimedia Content            Search Results        -   3.4 Partial List and Indicator        -   3.5 One Touch Record and Wish List        -   3.6 Live or Delayed    -   4.0 Implementation Mechanisms—Hardware Overview

1.0 General Overview

Embodiments of the invention summarized above are described below ingreater detail, along with some alternative embodiments of theinvention. Although embodiments of the invention described below aredescribed in the context of DVRs, in alternative embodiments of theinvention, devices other than DVRs may be substituted for, and mayperform similar operations to those that are performed by, DVRs.

In an embodiment, a service receives search requests from client systemsand performs an integrated search across databases containinginformational data for broadcast content and broadband content using thereceived search criteria. The service may be owned or operated by aservice provider, third party, etc. Owners of client devices are chargeda fee by the service provider, third party, etc., for access to thedatabase search service, content recording scheduling, content downloadservice, etc. A user enters search criteria on a client device. Theclient device can be a DVR, set-top box, cell phone, handheld device,laptop, PC, etc., for example.

The client device formulates a search request given the user's input andsends the search request to the service. The service receives the searchrequest from the client device and formulates a query for at least onebroadband database and at least one broadcast database. The broadbanddatabase contains data from partners of the service provider such as:Amazon.com, RocketBoom, dLife®, The New York Times®, and CNET®.Broadband databases may exist at each partner's server. The servicequeries each partner's database with a compatible query that the servicecreates using information regarding the type of database queries eachpartner's database requires. Data in the broadband database(s) consistsof links to multimedia content that are available for download from thepartners. The data also includes information describing the multimediacontent such as: program description, program synopsis, program rating,actors, directors, producers, program title, pricing, etc., as well assearch data tags.

In an embodiment, the partners pay the service provider a fee forplacing data in the database or for having their database searched bythe service. For example, partners may pay a fixed fee or a fee based onthe number of times that the service queries the partner's database.

The broadcast database contains data from electronic program guide (EPG)providers such as Tribune Media Services®. The EPG data describesprograms that are available from many different broadcasters andservices such as: DirecTV®, Comcast®, CableVision®, etc. The EPG datacontains information describing the program such as the channel that theprogram is available on, program description, program synopsis, programrating, actors, directors, producers, program title, etc., as well assearch data tags.

The service performs searches on both databases using the search queriesthat it created. The databases can be databases that the service candirectly access or database servers hosting the databases or otherdatabase services. The service receives or generates results from thesearch queries and organizes the retrieved information into a formatthat the client device can use.

In an embodiment, the service also has access to its own client devicedatabase where the service stores information regarding the status ofall the client devices in communication with the service. The clientdatabase includes, among other information, the multimedia content thatthe client devices have recorded. The service can include in the searchresults that concern broadband content, multimedia content that isavailable to download from other client devices. A client device canrequest downloads of multimedia content from multiple client devices andreceive segments of the multimedia content from those client devices.

The client device receives the search results from the service. Theclient device processes the search results and displays the searchresults in a list to the user. The service creates the user interfacescreen for the client device to display. Each time a client device sendsa search request to the service, the service formats the data receivedfrom the searches of the databases into a user interface screen that ispresentable by the client device. The client device receives the userinterface screen and displays the screen as formatted by the service.The screen information instructs the client device on how it shouldrespond to any key presses by the user.

In an embodiment, the client device may request a search for multimediacontent and for downloading or scheduling the recording of the requestedmultimedia content. The multimedia content may have been previouslystored on one or more databases. The client device may download orschedule the recording of multimedia content in one step, for example,in one touch. When desired multimedia content is not available, themultimedia content is added to the client device's wish list. When theclient device's wish list has not already been created, the clientdevice's wish list may be created on the spot. During the scheduling ofthe recording of the multimedia content, a tag associated with themultimedia content is checked to determine whether the multimediacontent is live or delayed. When the tag indicates the multimediacontent is live or delayed, the client device prompts with a suggestionto add extra time to the end of the recording of the multimedia content.

2.0 System Structural Overview

FIG. 1 illustrates an example system according to an embodiment. Thesystem contains at least one client device such as DVR 102 which iscommunicatively coupled to network 105 through any communicationinterface, such as an Ethernet interface or wireless communicationsport. The functionality of a DVR is typified in U.S. Pat. No. 6,233,389which is owned by the Applicants and is hereby incorporated byreference. The system also includes service provider 104, contentprovider 106, personal computer 108 and portable device 110.

Personal computer 108 may be a personal computing device, such as adesktop computer or laptop computer, and is also coupled to network 105through any communications interface, including wireless. Portabledevice 110 may be any handheld computing device, cellular phone,portable media player, or any other portable device capable ofdisplaying multimedia content and is also coupled to network 105 throughany communications interface, including wireless. DVR 102, personalcomputer 108, and portable device 110 each communicate with serviceprovider 104 through network 105. In another embodiment, DVR 102,personal computer 108, and portable device 110 each communicate withcontent provider 110 through network 105.

Network 105 may be implemented by any medium or mechanism that providesfor the exchange of data between devices in the communication system.Examples of network 105 include, without limitation, a network such as aLocal Area Network (LAN), Wide Area Network (WAN), the Internet, one ormore terrestrial, satellite or wireless links, etc. Alternatively oradditionally, any number of devices connected to network 105 may also bedirectly connected to each other through a communications link.

In one embodiment, content provider 106 provides broadcast programcontent to DVR 102 via cable, satellite, terrestrial communication, orother transmission method. Broadcast program content may include anymultimedia content such as: audio, image, or video content. In anotherembodiment, content provider 106 provides multimedia content, such asany downloadable content, through network 105 to DVR 102, personalcomputer 108, or portable device 110.

In one embodiment, DVR 102 communicates with service provider 104, whichprovides program guide data, graphical resources (such as fonts,pictures, etc.), service information, software, advertisements, eventidentification data, and other forms of data that enable DVR 102 tooperate independently of service provider 104 to satisfy user interests.In another embodiment, DVR 102, personal computer 108, and portabledevice 110 can communicate with each other to transfer content,metadata, or any other data through network 105, communicationconnection, or any local network.

In another embodiment, content provider 106 may provide, to serviceprovider 104, content data or any metadata, including promotional data,icons, web data, and other information. Service provider 104 may theninterpret the metadata and provide the content data and metadata to DVR102, personal computer 108, or portable device 110.

Referring to FIG. 2, in an embodiment, DVR 102 generally comprises aplurality of components, signified by signal converter 254, that arenecessary to digitize an analog television signal and convert it into adigital data stream or accept a digital data stream. An example of theinternal structure and operation of a DVR is further described in U.S.Pat. No. 6,233,389.

DVR 102 receives broadcast signals from an antenna, from a cable TVsystem, satellite receiver, etc., via input 252A. Input 252A maycomprise a plurality of tuning modules that allow a plurality of signalsto be received and recorded simultaneously. For example, a TV inputstream received by input 252A may take the form of a National TelevisionStandards Committee (NTSC) compliant signal or a PAL compliant broadcastsignal. For another example, a TV input stream received by input 252Amay take a digital form such as a Digital Satellite System (DSS)compliant signal, a Digital Broadcast Services (DBS) compliant signal,or an Advanced Television Standards Committee (ATSC) compliant signal.DBS, DSS, and ATSC are based on standards called Moving Pictures ExpertsGroup 2 (MPEG-2) and MPEG-2 Transport. MPEG-2 Transport is a standardfor formatting the digital data stream from the TV source transmitter sothat a TV receiver can disassemble the input stream to find programs inthe multiplexed signal.

An MPEG-2 transport multiplex supports multiple programs in the samebroadcast channel with multiple video and audio feeds and private data.Input 252A tunes to a particular program in a channel, extracts aspecified MPEG stream from the channel, and feeds the MPEG stream to therest of the system. Analog TV signals are encoded into a similar MPEGformat using separate video and audio encoders, such that the remainderof the system is unaware of how the signal was obtained. Information maybe modulated into the vertical blanking interval (VBI) of the analog TVsignal in a number of standard ways; for example, the North AmericanBroadcast Teletext Standard (NABTS) may be used to modulate informationonto certain lines of an NTSC signal, which the FCC mandates the use ofa certain other line for closed caption (CC) and extended data services(EDS). Such signals are decoded by input 252A and passed to the othermodules as if the signals had been delivered via an MPEG-2 private datachannel.

Recording module 260 records the incoming data stream by storing thedigital data stream on at least one storage facility, signified bystorage 264A/264B that is designed to retain segments of the digitaldata stream. Storage 264A/264B may be one or more non-volatile storagedevices (e.g., hard disk, solid state drive, USB external hard drive,USB external memory stick, USB external solid state drive, networkaccessible storage device, etc.) that are internal 264A and/or external264B. A signal converter 254 retrieves segments of the data stream,converts the data stream into an analog signal, and then modulates thesignal onto a RF carrier, via output 252B, through which the signal isdelivered to a standard TV set. Output 252B may alternatively deliver adigital signal to a TV set or video monitor. For example, DVR 102 mayutilize a Digital Visual Interface port (DVI) for sending digitalsignals to a TV via a DVI cable.

DVR 102 also includes a communication interface 262, through which theDVR 102 communicates with network 105 via Ethernet, wireless network,modem, USB, or other communications standard. Further, DVR 102 may beintegrated into a TV system such that the components described above arehoused in a TV set capable of performing the functions of each componentof DVR 102.

In another embodiment, DVR 102 generally comprises a plurality ofcomponents necessary to receive, record, store, transfer and playbackdigital data signals from a plurality of sources, such as a PC, a DVR, aservice provider, or content server. DVR 102 can transfer digital datasignals to another DVR or PC. DVR 102 may encode or decode digitalsignals via encoder 256A and decoder 256B into a plurality of formatsfor playback, storage or transfer. According to one embodiment of theinvention, encoder 256A produces MPEG streams. According to anotherembodiment of the invention, encoder 256A produces streams that areencoded using a different codec. Decoder 256B decodes the streamsencoded by encoder 256A or streams that are stored in the format inwhich the streams were received using an appropriate decoder. DVR 102can also encrypt or decrypt digital data signals usingencryptor/decryptor 258 for storage, transfer or playback of the digitaldata signals.

In one embodiment, DVR 102 communicates with service provider 104, whichprovides program guide data, graphical resources such as brand icons andpictures, service information, software programs, advertisements, andother forms of data that enable DVR 102 to operate independently of theservice provider 104 to perform autonomous recording functions.Communication between DVR 102 and service provider 104 utilizes a securedistribution architecture to transfer data between the DVR 102 and theservice provider 104 such that both the service data and the user'sprivacy are protected.

3.0 Example Techniques and Processes

3.1 Unified Searching of Broadband and Broadcast Multimedia Content

According to one embodiment, an advanced DVR (e.g., DVR 102) allows auser to search for multimedia material across both broadcast andbroadband sources. The user forms search criteria (by direct input orselecting a menu item) and instructs the DVR to perform the requestedsearch. The user typically does not have to be concerned about whetherthe search is for broadcast content or whether the search is forbroadband content. The embodiment automatically performs a plurality ofsearches across dissimilar sources using the user's search criteria.Once the user is presented with a listing of available broadcast andbroadband content that matches his search, the user can peruse the listof available content in order to obtain more information for particularcontent or to schedule recordings or downloads of particular content.The ability to search both broadcast and broadband sources formultimedia content is unique to the embodiment.

FIG. 3 illustrates a service 304 that receives search requests fromclient systems and performs an integrated search across databasescontaining informational data for broadcast content and broadbandcontent using the received search criteria. The service 304 can be aserver implementing searches across databases 301 and 303. The service304 can also consist of a plurality of Web Service Application ProgramInterfaces (APIs) that service client requests. The service 304 may beowned or operated by a service provider, third party, etc. Owners ofclient devices such as client device 305 are charged a fee by theservice provider, third party, etc., for access to the database searchservice, content recording scheduling, content download service, etc. Auser enters search criteria on a client device 305. The client device305 can be a DVR, set-top box, cell phone, handheld device, laptop, PC,etc., for example.

The client device 305 formulates a search request given the user'sinput. FIG. 4 illustrates a screen shot of an entry screen 400 where theuser enters information such as a keyword, actor name, director name,producer name, program title, etc. As the user enters each character onthe virtual keypad 402 in the search, the client device 305 displays theentered characters in an entry field 401. The client device 305formulates a search request using the entered characters. The clientdevice 304 sends the search request to the service 304.

The service 304 receives the search request from the client device 305.The service 304 formulates a query for each database 301, 303. Thedatabases consist of at least one broadband database 301 and at leastone broadcast database 303. The broadband database 301 contains datafrom partners of the service provider such as: Amazon.com, RocketBoom,dLife®, The New York Times®, and CNET®. Broadband databases may exist ateach partner's server. The service 304 then queries each partner'sdatabase with a compatible query that the service 304 creates usinginformation regarding the type of database queries each partner'sdatabase requires. In an embodiment, the partners pay the serviceprovider a fee for placing data in the database or for having theirdatabase searched by the service 304. For example, partners may pay afixed fee or a fee based on the number of times that the service 304queries the partner's database. The broadband database(s) makes itpossible for the partners' products and services to be displayed tousers. Data in the broadband database(s) consists of links to multimediacontent that are available for download from the partners. The data alsoincludes information describing the multimedia content such as: programdescription, program synopsis, program rating, actors, directors,producers, program title, pricing, etc., as well as search data tags(described below).

The broadcast database 303 contains data from electronic program guide(EPG) providers such as Tribune Media Services®. The EPG data describesprograms that are available from many different broadcasters andservices such as: DirecTV®, Comcast®, CableVision®, etc. The EPG datacontains information describing the program such as the channel that theprogram is available on, program description, program synopsis, programrating, actors, directors, producers, program title, etc., as well assearch data tags (described below). EPG data is typically updatedperiodically and typically covers 14 days of programming. The number ofdays is dependent upon the service provider. The EPG data covers, forexample, the U.S., Mexico, Canada, and other countries. Given that theEPG data is on the service provider's database 303, the service providercan retain all the EPG data that EPG providers have delivered. Thisgives the service provider historical data from which a user can obtainhistorical data or program names. The service can provide a clientdevice with information from the historical EPG data regardingmultimedia content such as when the content was last broadcast. Thistype of information is typically not obtainable in normal DVRs or EPGservices because EPG data is typically limited to a number of days, suchas 14 days. Search requests for content that is not in a typical 14-dayEPG would receive a null search response. In this embodiment, becausethe service has the historical EPG data, the search requests wouldreceive a positive hit as long as the content has been shown in the timeframe of the service's EPG data.

The service 304 performs searches on both databases 301, 303 using thesearch queries that it created. The databases 301, 303 can be databasesthat the service 304 can directly access or database servers hosting thedatabases or other database services. The service 304 receives orgenerates results from the search queries and organizes the retrievedinformation into a format that the client device 305 can use.

In an embodiment, the service 304 also has access to its own clientdevice database (not shown) where the service 304 stores informationregarding the status of all the client devices in communication with theservice 304. The client database includes, among other information, themultimedia content that the client devices have recorded. The service304 can include in the search results that concern broadband content,multimedia content that is available to download from other clientdevices as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/285,411which is owned by the Applicants and is hereby incorporated byreference. A client device can request downloads of multimedia contentfrom multiple client devices and receive segments of the multimediacontent from those client devices. This allows a user to obtainmultimedia content that has not been broadcast for a long time periodand is not scheduled to be broadcast as well as not being available frompartners.

The client device 305 receives the search results from the service 304.The client device 305 processes the search results and displays thesearch results in a list 403 to the user. The list 403 begins with thefirst multimedia content that matches the characters in the entry field401 that the user has entered. The list can be updated at each characterentry or after a few seconds of inactivity from the user. The user maypause while entering characters to allow the list to be refreshed. Theclient device 305 creates the search request to the service 304 uponeach character entry or few seconds of inactivity. This gives the user adynamic list that reacts to the user's input in a rapid manner.

The user can also access the search mechanism through a programinformation screen that the user displays for a particular content thatis on an EPG or has been recorded. FIG. 5 shows a screen 500 that isdisplayed for a recorded program. The screen 500 allows the user tonavigate through menu options and select the search option 501.

When the user selects a multimedia content from the list 403 or thesearch option 501, the client device 305 displays a screen as in FIG. 6.The screen 600 displays information related to the selected multimediacontent. Information contained in the data sent from the service 304 isused to display program information such as the program synopsis 601.The received data also may contain additional search terms 602 thatallow the user to select more search terms that are related to themultimedia content. The data may also contain search request informationregarding upcoming showings for the multimedia content 603 or availabledownloads for the multimedia content 604.

If the user selects upcoming showings for the multimedia content 603,the client device 305 sends a search request to the service 304 thatrequests information regarding upcoming showings for the multimediacontent. The service 304 queries the broadcast database 303 for theupcoming showings for the multimedia content and sends the resultingdata to the client device 305. FIG. 7 illustrates a screen 700displaying upcoming broadcast showings for the multimedia content usingdata received from the service 304. The client device 305 receives EPGdata relevant to channels the user receives, subscribes to, or thechannels that are available in the area that the client device is in.

In one embodiment, the service 304 receives subscriber information 306and looks up user data from a user data database 302 in order to supplythe client device with the correct information regarding multimediacontent that is available to the specific user via broadcast orbroadband access. The service 304 can use the user's information toformulate search queries from the broadband database 301 and broadcastdatabase 303 in order to find information that is appropriate for theuser's location, age, preferences, etc. In one embodiment, the service304 can filter content information based on the user's age or clientdevice's parental control setting (described in further detail below).

If the user selects available downloads for the multimedia content 604,the client device 305 sends a search request to the service 304 thatrequests information regarding available downloads for the multimediacontent. The service 304 queries the broadband database 301 for theavailable downloads for the multimedia content. As noted above, thisoperation could involve querying multiple partner databases. The service304 sends the received query data to the client device 305. FIG. 8illustrates a screen 800 displaying available downloads for themultimedia content. In this example, some of the available downloads arefor episodes of a program series that are available from a partner. Thescreen 800 can display the list of available downloads 801 with thepartner's logo 802 next to content titles available from that particularpartner. The logo data can come from the broadband database 301 or theservice 304. The user can select an episode from the list of availabledownloads 801 to download the content to his client device 305.

The download may originate from a partner and the user is presented witha screen that may display a synopsis of the episode and any costsassociated with the download. The user may also select a download thatis retrieved from other client devices as discussed above and asdescribed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/285,411. The service304 filters one or more client devices according to a number of factors,including bandwidth, to create a pool of client devices for transferringthe content. The service 304 initiates the transfer by either requestingeach client device in the pool of client devices to begin transferringthe content to the requesting client device 305, or by directlyrequesting the client device 305 to retrieve the content from the poolof client devices. The content is sent to the requesting client devicein portions which are re-assembled at the client device 305 and storedfor later playback. It is not necessary for the user to know where thedownload is originating from and the user may or may not be told whatmechanism is being used to download the episode.

FIG. 9 illustrates a screen 900 displaying program information 901 forthe multimedia content. The screen 900 also displays an option where theuser can obtain more information about episodes (episode guide) of themultimedia content 902. If the user selects the episode guide 902, theclient device 305 sends a search request to the service 304 thatrequests information regarding episode information for the multimediacontent. The service 304 queries the broadcast database 303 and/or thebroadband database 301 for the episode information for the multimediacontent. The service 304 processes the received data and sends theprocessed data to the client device 305.

FIG. 10 illustrates a screen 1000 displaying available episodes forspecific seasons for a particular series title. In an embodiment, eachtime the user selects a season further in the list 1001, the clientdevice 305 sends a search request to the service 304 that requestsinformation regarding episode information for the selected season forthe multimedia content. The service 304 queries the broadcast database303 and/or the broadband database 301 for the season episode informationfor the multimedia content. The service 304 processes the received dataand sends the processed data to the client device 305. The client device305 displays the list of episodes to the user 1002.

FIG. 11 illustrates a screen 1100 displaying tags that are associatedwith the multimedia content or series title. The user can perform asearch by clicking on any of the tag keywords or phrases 1101. Theclient device 305 creates a search request using the selected tag. Theservice 304 performs a search of tag information contained in thebroadband database 301 and/or the broadcast database 303 in the samemanner as searches described above.

In an embodiment, the service 304 creates the user interface screen forthe client device 305 to display. Each time a client device sends asearch request to the service 304, the service formats the data receivedfrom the searches of the databases into a user interface screen that ispresentable by the client device. The client device receives the userinterface screen and displays the screen as formatted by the service304. The screen information instructs the client device on how it shouldrespond to any key presses by the user. For example, the user moves thehighlight bar down and the client device checks which items on thescreen are selectable and moves the highlight bar to the next selectableitem on the screen. If the user selects an item, then the client devicelooks at the screen information to see if the selection operation meritsthe highlight bar moving to another location or requires that a searchrequest be sent to the service 304. This allows the service to changethe look and feel of user interface screens dynamically without havingto update the client device's software to implement user interfacechanges. This approach is easily scalable and presents a highlymaintainable model. Alternatively, the client device can format its ownuser interface screens when it receives screen information from theservice 304.

3.2 Tagging Multimedia Content

Tags 1101 are also shown as an option that may be selected as shown inFIG. 11 on the left side of the screen. For the television series“Doogie Howser, M.D.”, the tags “coming of age,” “doctor,” “medical,”and “prodigy” are shown. When a tag is selected, content associated withthat tag appears on the right side of the screen. In this example, forthe tag “doctor”, the television series “ER”, “Grey's Anatomy” and“Scrubs” appear because they are associated with the tag and arescheduled to be shown in the near future.

Tags, as used herein, refer to a set of words, pictures or other mediaused to link various pieces of content together. Examples of tags maybe, but are not limited to, locations in which the content is set,genres to which the content belongs, or the subject matter associatedwith the content. If the term “New York” is searched, results returnedmay include the television series “Friends”, and the movies “Gangs ofNew York” and “Ghostbusters”. The results are returned because eachselection is set in the city of New York. In another example, the term“marriage” is searched. This search returns content that are associatedwith “marriage”. Some results may include the television series “WeddingStory,” certain episodes of television series in which marriage occurssuch as “Friends,” and the movie “The Runaway Bride”.

Tags linked to content may include any association with words. Someexamples of tags are “singing,” “reality TV,” “fashion,” “terrorist,”“crime,” and “roommate.” Tags may be added or changed over time. Tagsare also not limited to words, but may consist of a picture associatedwith content (an example is the symbol that identifies singing starPrince), or other media such as sounds or music. For example, aselection of new age music may be associated with a show on spiritualityand a selection of heavy metal music may be associated with a televisionshow on skateboarding.

Tagging may be performed on either broadcast content or downloadablecontent. Broadcast content includes, but is not limited to, content fromover-the-air antennas, satellite, and cable. Downloadable contentincludes, but is not limited to, broadband video, podcasts and otherforms of audio, images, and RSS feeds.

In an embodiment, tags may be created by the service provider. Forexample, the service provider might wish to point out certain subjectmatter available on a television program. In this way, if a userrepeatedly views a certain video segment that relates to a certainsubject matter, then the service provides associations to other videosegments that relate to the certain subject matter. The service providermay also provide tags that originate from the content provider.

In another embodiment, the content provider creates tags for the contentprovider's own programming. In this circumstance, the tags are notprovided first to the service provider for dissemination for additionaleditorial. This allows the content provider to have the assurance thattags provided to users are accurate and reflect the intention of thecontent provider. The tags may then be used by the content provider toensure that users may be linked to other shows that contain similarcontent or appeal to a similar demographic of users.

According to another embodiment, multimedia devices such as DVRs, PCs,cell phone, and handheld computing devices are used to create tags forvideo programs, herein referred to as “community tagging.” Using acontrol interface such as a remote control, touch screen, touchpad, or akeyboard, when a user is viewing a video program, the user enterspossible terms that associate the content to the tag. For example, theuser might use the control interface to mark a program segment, oralternatively to mark an event within the video program. For instance,when viewing a sporting event such as a football game, the user signalsvia remote control when an exciting play occurs. The user may enter theterm “exciting” and the tag is then associated with that program.Community tagging may be completely open or subject to the editorial ofthe service provider in order to maintain a sense of order. Also,community tagging may be aggregated so that only the most common actionsare selected and then the tags may be disseminated to the network ofusers.

In an embodiment, data that may be selected is not limited to words usedin credits and tags, but may include other media such as video,pictures, or sounds. Examples of pictures include, but are not limitedto, headshots of actors, movie posters, or still frames from shows ormovies. Sounds may include, but are not limited to, theme music from ashow, music from a motion picture, or an actor's voice.

3.3 Filtering Broadband and Broadcast Multimedia Content Search Results

The service 304 has the ability to filter database query resultsaccording to user preferences, user personal information, client devicesettings, etc. As briefly discussed above, in an embodiment, the usercan set preferences and personal information in his client device suchas channels that he receives, channels that he views, age, sex, showsthat the user likes and dislikes, the user's interests, credit cardinformation, home address, etc.

When a client device 305 sends a search request to the service 304, theservice 304 creates queries to the broadcast database 303 and/or thebroadband database 301. Upon receipt of the requested data, the service304 can filter the data to customize the data for the client device 305.In one embodiment, the service 304 can supply broadcast information tothe client device 305 that only pertains to the channels that the clientdevice receives. In another embodiment, the service 304 can supply theclient device 305 with broadcast information that only pertains to thechannels that the user watches.

This type of filtering can be performed on an opt-in/opt-out basis. If auser opts-in, the user has given the service permission to use theuser's preferences and personal information 302, 306, to automaticallyfilter requested broadcast and/or broadband information to match theuser's preferences and personal information.

If the user opts-out, then the service can only use information that itknows about the client device 305 that does not involve the user'spersonal information. The service 304 is limited to the client device'slocale and channels that a client device would receive in that area fromthe local cable or satellite broadcaster.

The service 304 can also filter information based on the type of clientdevice. For example, if the client device 305 is a portable videodevice, then the service 304 may send a condensed version of the searchresults to the client device 305.

In an embodiment, the user can specify to the client device 305 that hisselection of a search term is to be limited to a certain type of mediaor access. For example, the user can specify that the search be limitedto HD (High Definition) content only. The user could also specify thatthe content listed be available from broadband only or broadcast only.The user can create any combination of such search limitations. Anotherembodiment would allow the user to specify combinations of tags that aredisplayed on a screen. Referring again to FIG. 11, for example, the usercould specify combining the tags of Peter Riga 1102 and Prodigy 1104, orProdigy 1104 and Coming of Age 1103, or any other combination of tags.

The user has the capability to select each tag using the highlight bar.Each time the user selects a tag, he can press a button on a remotecontrol to signify that the selection is part of a combination. Once theuser has selected all of his desired terms, he can press another button(or the same button) on the remote control that tells the client device305 that the search is to be performed. As an example, the user selectsProdigy 1104 and Coming of Age 1103 and also selects HD content only.The client device 305 then formulates the search request and sends therequest to the service 304. The service 304 creates queries across thedatabases that are appropriate for the search. Here, since the user hasspecified that the search be HD content only, the service 304 queriesthe broadband database 301, or partner servers as mentioned above, andthe broadcast database 303 for HD content that includes tags or othercontent information that match the search tags that were selected, e.g.,Prodigy and Coming of Age. The service 304 returns the query results tothe client device 305. The client device 305 displays the search resultsto the user.

3.4 Partial List and Indicator

In an embodiment, a user may search through content in one or morecontent databases. For example, the user may search for entries (e.g.,multimedia content), which had been or will be broadcasted, in broadcastdata 303. For example, the ability for the user to search throughcontent in the broadcast database may include every program that hadever been imported into such database. Thus, it is possible that theresult of a search request may return to the user a very large list ofentries, such as over a few hundred entries.

In an embodiment, to handle very large search results, service 304returns to client device 305 a predetermined number of entries, ratherthan the entire list of entries. For example, service 304 may return toclient device 305 a list of fifty (50) entries out of a total number ofentries in the large search results. In an embodiment, an indicator isreturned along with the predetermined number of entries of the largesearch results. The indicator indicates whether the list ofpredetermined number of entries is a complete list or a partial list. Ifthe indicator indicates that the list is a partial list, then the usermay select to view other entries of the large search results. Forexample, a Next 50 button may be presented to the user along with thepartial list containing 50 entries. The user may select to view the next50 entries by clicking the Next 50 button. Similarly, a Previous 50button may be presented to the user along with the partial listcontaining 50 entries. The user may select to view the previous 50entries by clicking the Previous 50 button.

In an embodiment, a list of entries from a search result is displayedalong with an anchor. An anchor is a particular entry used as a point ofreference among the other entries, for example, in the context ofbrowsing. Browsing search results by way of an anchor may be describedwith reference to FIG. 13. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a barwhose length 1302 represents the list of entries from the search result.A particular position within the list is an anchor 1304. Anchor 1304represents a position in the list that the user has selected. Fromanchor 1304, the user is presented with the next predetermined number ofentries 1306. For example, from a particular entry associated with theposition of anchor 1304, the user is also presented with the next 50entries 1306. In another embodiment, the user is presented with theprevious predetermined number of entries, such as the previous 50entries. In yet another embodiment, the anchor is presented along withthe previous twenty-five (25) entries as well as the next 25 entries.Thus, the user may move back and forth in the list by moving anchor1304. For example, the user may move anchor 1304 by clicking on anotherentry and making that entry the current anchor. In an embodiment,browsing search results by way of anchoring uses a count and an offset.The count is a value used to indicate the position of the anchor. Theoffset is a value used to determine the number of entries from theposition of the anchor.

In an embodiment, a toggle indicator is sent to the user. Using thetoggle indicator, a user may toggle between being presented with theentire list of results from a search request and being presented with apartial list that may be specified by particular criteria. For example,a user may choose to be presented with the partial list consisting ofmultimedia content that are available in the next fourteen (14) days,rather than the full list of multimedia content that are available inthe next fourteen (14) days. Then, when the user desires to view thefull list, the user may toggle to the full list selection. It should beappreciated that certain details presented herein are by way of exampleonly and are not meant to be limiting.

3.5 One Touch Record and Wishlist

One Touch Record

In an embodiment, a one touch recording feature allows a user to selectto record a multimedia content (e.g., a television program) in onetouch. For example, a user may press a record button on a remote controldevice, e.g., while a program is playing, a recorded movie is beingplayed back, or a commercial about a multimedia content is playing. Inanother example, a user may press a button on the remote control inresponse to an indicator on an interactive user interface when the userfinds a multimedia content and desires to record such multimediacontent. The multimedia content may be a program or series of programsthat the user is interested in viewing. Example screen shots showing aselectable indicator that a user may select for recording a multimediacontent are depicted in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15, respectively. Referring toFIG. 14, an indicator 1402 labeled, “Record this episode” is shownwhich, when selected, activates a process for recording the episode orfor scheduling to record the episode. The client device schedules theepisode for recording using the EPG that it has stored locally. If theepisode is currently being shown, the client device automatically startsrecording the episode and if there is any portion of the episode that isin the client device's cache buffer, the client device adds the cachebuffer's portion of the episode to the recording. In an embodiment, theclient device tells the service that the user has requested therecording and the service schedules the recording in a master schedulethat the service has for the client device. The service later downloadsthe master recording schedule to the client device, thus updating theclient device's local recording schedule. Thus, selecting indicator 1402is a “one touch record” process for recording the episode.

Similarly, the interactive screen in FIG. 15 shows an indicator 1502labeled, “Record this program” which, when selected, activates theprocess, as described above, for recording the program or scheduling theprogram to be recorded. Thus, selecting indicator 1502 is a “one touchrecord” process for the program.

Creating a Wishlist

In an embodiment, a wishlist is a list of entries that correspond to oneor more multimedia content that a user wants recorded when the one ormore multimedia content, such as a particular episode or program, isever broadcast. An example of a type of entry in a wishlist may be aprogram identifier (program ID) that corresponds to and identifies aparticular multimedia content. For example, suppose a user desires towatch only one episode of a weekly running show because the particularepisode features a particular actor as a guest actor. According to anembodiment, the user may add this particular episode to the user'swishlist. When the particular episode becomes available to be scheduledor downloaded, the particular episode is automatically scheduled to berecorded or is automatically downloaded. The user could also create awishlist for any episodes or programs that a certain actor was in or acertain director, producer, etc. The client device can look for episodesor programs that have any criteria that the user specifies in thewishlist.

Referring to FIG. 16, an example screen shot shows information for aparticular episode, Episode 1, for the show, “How I Met Your Mother.”Also presented in the screen is link 1602, labeled, “Create a WishListfor this episode.” When the user selects link 1602, a wishlist iscreated and an entry corresponding to and representing this episode isadded to the wishlist. An example wishlist is described in detail belowin the section entitled, “An Example Wishlist”.

One Touch Record and Wishlist

An embodiment for one touch record and wishlist process that includesmultimedia content, such as programs, that may not be readily availableis described with reference to FIG. 17, a flow diagram illustrating aone touch record and wishlist process for a program. Upon browsingthrough multimedia content, e.g., resulting from a search of thedatabases 301 and 303 and, possibly, of the historical EPG data, a usermay find a desired multimedia content, such as a desired program, thatthe user would like to record. The user may activate a one touch recordindicator (1702). In an embodiment, it is determined whether the desiredprogram is airing in a next predetermined or specified amount of time,such as for example, in the next two weeks (1704). If it is determinedthat the desired program is airing in a next predetermined or specifiedamount of time, the desired program is scheduled to be recorded (1706).For example, if the desired program is scheduled to be broadcast overnetwork television at a particular time of the next day, then thebroadcast is scheduled to be recorded at that particular time the nextday. If the desired program is available to be downloaded, then aprocess for downloading the program begins. For example, upon activationof the one touch record mechanism (1706), the desired program begins todownload. The client device downloads the program from a partner orother client devices as described above. In an embodiment, if there is acost associated with the download, the client device may ask the user ifthe cost is acceptable before performing the download. If the userprefers not to accept the charge for the download, the user may cancelthe download and select another option such as placing the desiredprogram on a wishlist or scheduling a recording of the desired program,if available.

When the desired program is not airing in the next predetermined orspecified interval, for example it is not airing in the next two weeksthen the program may be added to the user's wishlist. If a wishlist hasnot already been created for the user, then a wishlist may automaticallybe created (1708). After the wishlist is automatically created, theprogram is added to the wishlist. Thus, when the program becomesavailable for downloading or for scheduling to be recorded (1710), thedesired program on the wishlist is downloaded or is scheduled forrecording.

In an embodiment, the client device may perform the above steps inanother order depending on rules that are determined by the service orrules specified by the user. For example, the service may specify thatthe client device first look for the desired multimedia content from thebroadband content database. This gives the service's partners anadvantage to present their content offerings to the user before theclient device checks for recording the desired multimedia content fromthe broadcast stations. The user may also set his own rules byspecifying, for example, that searches for desired multimedia contentbegin with checking for broadcast times for the desired multimediacontent followed by searching for the desired multimedia content frombroadband downloads if it cannot be found that any broadcast sources arebroadcasting the desired content within a predetermined or specifiedtime frame. If the desired multimedia content cannot be found fromeither broadband or broadcast sources (not necessarily in thatparticular order) then the client device sets up a wishlist or wishlistentry for the desired multimedia content using, for example, the desiredmultimedia content's program ID. The client device uses the program IDto perform periodic searches of its EPG data for a subsequent showing ofthe program ID.

In another embodiment, as discussed above, the service performs a searchfor the user's desired multimedia content using the broadband andbroadcast databases. In an embodiment, the service may also perform asearch for the user's desired content using historical EPG data. If theservice finds the desired multimedia content in the broadband database,the service creates a display screen or search information for theclient device that contains information that the user can download thedesired multimedia content. If the user selects that option from thedisplay screen, the client device sees from the screen information thatit should download the multimedia content from a certain URL or IPaddress. The client requests a download of the desired multimediacontent from that URL or IP address. The client then stores thedownloaded multimedia content.

If the service finds the desired multimedia content in the broadcastEPG, it can additionally or only create an entry on the display screenthat the user can select to record the desired multimedia content. Ifthe user selects to record the program menu item, then the client devicechecks the screen information and finds that it should schedule arecording of a program ID that the service determined from its EPG.Finally, if the service finds that the desired multimedia content is notavailable from both broadcast and broadband sources, it creates an entryon the display screen or the search information that the user can selectto place the desired multimedia content in his wishlist. The clientdevice checks the screen information and finds that it should schedule arecording of a program ID (that the service determined from itshistorical EPG data) in its wishlist. As with the previous embodiment,the service may perform the searches of the broadcast and broadbanddatabases in an order that the service has determined or an order thatthe user has specified.

In yet another embodiment, as discussed above, the service performs asearch for the user's desired multimedia content using the broadband andbroadcast databases. If the service finds the desired multimedia contentin the broadband database, the service requests a download of thedesired multimedia content from a URL or IP address from the broadbanddatabase. The service then sends the downloaded multimedia content tothe client device which stores the multimedia content.

If the service finds the desired multimedia content in the broadcastEPG, it can instruct the client to schedule a recording of a program IDthat the service determines from its EPG data. Finally, if the servicefinds that the desired multimedia content is not available from bothbroadcast and broadband sources, it places the desired multimediacontent in a wishlist and sends the wishlist to the client device toupdate the client device's local wishlist with the information. Theclient device schedules a recording of a program ID (that the servicedetermined from its historical EPG data) in its wishlist. As with theprevious embodiment, the service may perform the searches of thebroadcast and broadband databases in an order that the service hasdetermined or an order that the user has specified.

DVR and Wishlist Synchronization

In an embodiment, data contained in a user's wishlist that is residentat the service is synchronized on a periodic basis with the user's DVR.In an embodiment, a copy of the user's wishlist at the service isdownloaded to the user's DVR. In another example, the user's DVR and theuser's wishlist are synchronized every six (6) hours. When content inthe user's wishlist becomes available, the DVR downloads the contentafter synchronization. When content in the user's wishlist is to bebroadcasted or played at a known point in time, the user's DVR schedulesto record the multimedia content after the synchronization, accordingly.In an embodiment, and referring to FIG. 3, user's DVR 305 may have to“opt in” to a service and to be on the network for synchronization towork which includes the service accessing the user's wishlist on theDVR. For example, when user's DVR 305 has opted in to have the user'sinformation available to the service, the user's DVR 305 is then able tosend messages to and receive messages from service 304, even when a useris not actively using or the DVR 305. In an embodiment, service 304 isgranted access to the user's DVR 305. With access granted to the user'sDVR 305, service 304 may gather current informational data from theuser's wishlist on user's DVR 305.

As an example, suppose a user has opted in. Further, suppose thesynchronization process is scheduled to activate every six hours.Suppose after the user has opted in, the first activation of thesynchronization process occurs at noon. For example, service 304 maycheck the user's wishlist stored on user's DVR 305 for multimediacontent stored in broadband data 301 or with broadcast data 303, whichservice 304 is configured to search. Suppose the user had added aparticular episode of Gilligan's Island to the user's wishlist. Inaccordance with an embodiment, service 304 may check the broadcastdatabase 303. In this example, service 304 does not find the particularepisode of Gilligan's Island playing in the next two weeks. Then,suppose at 3 pm, the user adds the program, King of Queens, to theuser's wishlist. At 6 pm, the next synchronization processing event,service 304 searches the user's wishlist on user's DVR 305 and discoversthe new addition, King of Queens. Service 304 searches broadbanddatabase 301 and does not find a match for King of Queens. Service 304searches broadcast data 303 and finds a match for King of Queens. Thematch for Kind of Queens is a showing of the program that evening at 7pm on channel 551. Thus, service 304 instructs the client device toschedule to record the 7 pm showing of King of Queens to be recordedwhen it plays at 7 pm on channel 551.

An Example Wishlist

An example wishlist is, but is not limited to, the wishlist featuredescribed in the U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/425,308, entitled,“SMART BROADCAST PROGRAM RECORDING PADDING AND SCHEDULING SYSTEM,” filedon Apr. 28, 2003, which is subject to an obligation of assignment to thesame entity, and which is incorporated by reference herein in itsentirety by this reference thereto. It should be appreciated that thisexample wishlist is for illustrative purposes only and is not meant tobe limiting. A detailed description of the example wishlist as describedin the afore-mentioned patent application is provided as follows.

In addition to season passes, a user can also designate a wishlist ofprograms that he would like to have recorded if those shows are everaired. A wishlist is set up by the user where the user specifies asearch feature that uses user defined search criteria, e.g., categories,actors, keywords, combinations of search terms, etc., and finds upcomingprograms. The user can set up multiple wishlists.

A scheduler on the client device periodically, e.g., when updatedprogram guide information (containing upcoming program information andbroadcast times) is received, searches the program guide information forshows that meet the criteria on the user's wishlist for as long as theuser keeps the wishlist. The user can look at a list of upcoming showsresulting from the search. The user can also set a wishlist toauto-record the wishlist and the scheduler will schedule every programon the wishlist for recording that it finds. For example, if the userselects a specific actor wishlist, the scheduler automatically recordsmovies that the particular actor is listed in. The recordings are alsosubject to any conflict resolution for conflicts with other scheduledrecordings.

Wishlist programs can have their start and/or end times padded by theuser in the same manner as season pass programs. Just like seasonpasses, there may be reasons why padding is put into place by a user.For example, if a wishlist is for shows that are sports shows with theSan Francisco Giants playing, it is widely known that baseball games runover the posted broadcast ending time. The user can set an overrun valuefor that wishlist.

Any conflicts that occur between the scheduling of a program or seasonpass recording with other programs or season passes scheduled forrecording are found by the scheduler. The scheduler indicates to theuser that a conflict has occurred for a scheduled program. Conflictingprograms and/or season passes are listed to the user. The user thendecides to cancel the conflicting scheduled recordings or to not recordthe present program. The scheduler can alternatively perform automaticconflict resolution using set rules or rules specified by the user.

A season pass manager screen can show the season passes and wishliststhat the user has selected. The user can find out what the upcomingshows to be recorded will be by selecting the season pass or wishlist.The user can also change the priority of the season pass or wishlist bymoving the entry up or down the list.

The priority of the season pass or wishlist determines which program isrecorded in case of a conflict in the scheduling of a recording. Forexample, a show that is to be scheduled for recording may overlap withanother show that is already scheduled for recording, causing aconflict. There are two levels of conflicts that can occur. The first isa single show conflicting with another show or season pass and thesecond is multiple shows conflicting with a season pass.

The reason why a season pass is used for this example is because aseason pass is generally fairly consistent. For example, a season passmay be for only first run episodes of a show. The first run episodes areonly broadcast every Tuesday at 8:00 pm PDT, for example. When a seasonpass has conflicts with any other shows already scheduled, the user hasthe option to record all of the season pass or the non-conflictedepisodes. Additionally, the user is allowed to resolve conflicts on anepisode by episode basis. Wishlists are handled in the same manner.

The scheduler manages the recording of the season passes, wishlists, andmanually selected recordings. This means that there are severaldifferent sources from which a conflict may arise. Shows not onlyconflict with scheduled broadcast times but things get more complicatedwith the addition of user adjusted padding. The user does not want toget involved with every decision that must be made with regard to aconflict and since the scheduler receives periodic program guideupdates, conflicts will regularly occur. With smart padding activated,the scheduler has the ability to automatically adjust to the user'spadding settings, i.e., adjusted start and end recording timeadjustments.

The scheduler provides the following options for padding:

Explicit—Requested by the user. This means that at some point, the userrequested to add padding to a season pass, wishlist, or single program.

High Priority—The padding has the same priority as the recording forwhich it is set. For example, if the padding of a high priority seasonpass recording conflicts with the body of a lower priority season passrecording, the high priority padding wins. The low priority recording iseither cancelled (if the padding is greater than the low priorityrecording's duration) or started late.

Low Priority—The padding has lower priority than the recordings. Forexample, if the padding of a high priority season pass conflicts withthe body of a lower priority season pass recording, the low priorityrecording wins. The padding of the high priority recording is dropped.

Required—The padding must be scheduled, or the entire recording shouldbe cancelled.

Optional—If padding has a conflict, it's ok to get the recording withoutthe padding.

The combinations of options can be set by the system or by the user. Themost common are Explicit/High Priority/Required, Explicit/HighPriority/Optional and Explicit/Low Priority/Optional. The scheduler usesthe options to make its conflict decisions. The options can be set forall recordings down to the single program granularity. Designatingoptions at a program level requires too much user interaction forsetting a recording, so it is much easier for the user to set theoptions at a higher system-wide level.

Explicit/High Priority/Required Examples:

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second high priority recording, then the scheduler cancels thefirst recording.

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second high priority recording with the designated options, thenthe scheduler cancels the later scheduled recording.

Explicit/High Priority/Optional Examples:

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second high priority recording, then the scheduler cancels thepadding of the first recording.

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second low priority recording, then the scheduler uses thepadding and starts the second recording later.

Explicit/Low Priority/Optional Examples:

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second low priority recording, then the scheduler cancels thepadding of the first recording.

First high priority recording with the designated options, conflictswith a second low priority recording with the designated options, thenthe scheduler cancels the conflicting padding for both recordings.

The scheduler uses the season pass manager's priority settings todetermine the priority of a season pass or wishlist recording. A user'ssingle program recording is explicitly programmed by the user and isconsidered high priority.

The scheduler can also adjust the padding in order to resolve aconflict. The adjustment is determined by the scheduler using apredetermined threshold.

For example, using Explicit/High Priority/Optional, a set of schedulerthreshold values can be set to:

StartLate(body)=1 minute; StartLate(padding)=any

StopEarly(body)=0 minutes; StopEarly(padding)=any

This means that when two programs conflict, the scheduler can propose,to the user, resolving the conflict by taking the lower priority programand dropping: 1) any amount of its start or end padding; 2) up to oneminute at the start of the program body; or 3) no amount at the end ofthe program body. For newly-requested programs, the user is asked toconfirm the conflict resolution:

If the conflict can be resolved using the above example thresholds, aconflicts screen is presented so that the user can accept/decline any ofthe proposed adjustments to the scheduled recordings or not record thenewly requested program.

If the conflict cannot be resolved, a conflicts screen is presented sothe user can cancel the conflicting recording or decide not to schedulethe new recording.

For existing season pass, wishlist, and single program conflictsdetected when the scheduler periodically runs, the conflict will beautomatically resolved according to the thresholds set or, if nothresholds are set, the straight-forward approach for the optionsselected.

The scheduler can optionally deal with the special case of back-to-backepisodes of a season pass by resolving the conflict by recording thefirst episode with padding followed by recording whatever remains of thebody/padding of the second episode.

3.6 Live or Delayed

In an embodiment, a live recording feature is provided such that anytimea user chooses to schedule a recording of multimedia content, anassociated indicator (e.g., metadata associated with the multimediacontent) is checked to determine whether it is tagged as either live(e.g., “Live”) or delayed (e.g., “Delayed”). For example, when theindicator is tagged as “Live”, such feature may automatically cause theuser to be presented with a message that suggests adding time to the endof the recording session (e.g., padding) for the multimedia content. Asanother example, the message may be rendered on a screen and says,“Because this program is live, it may run longer than expected. Do youwant to add extra time to the end of this recording just in case?” Theuser may choose to ignore the message and proceed as normal (e.g.,proceed with no changes to the recording time). Or, the user may, inreal-time, add additional recording time, for example, by an interactiveinterface. For example, a user may be presented with a text entry box inwhich to type in a number of minutes to add to the recording time. Asanother example, the user may point to and select from a list of minuteswith which to increase recording time, such as 1-minute, 2-minutes, andso on.

4.0 Hardware Overview

FIG. 12 is a block diagram that illustrates a computer system 1200 uponwhich an embodiment of the invention may be implemented. Computer system1200 includes a bus 1202 or other communication mechanism forcommunicating information, and a processor 1204 coupled with bus 1202for processing information. Computer system 1200 also includes a mainmemory 1206, such as a random access memory (RAM) or other dynamicstorage device, coupled to bus 1202 for storing information andinstructions to be executed by processor 1204. Main memory 1206 also maybe used for storing temporary variables or other intermediateinformation during execution of instructions to be executed by processor1204. Computer system 1200 further includes a read only memory (ROM)1208 or other static storage device coupled to bus 1202 for storingstatic information and instructions for processor 1204. A storage device1210, such as a magnetic disk or optical disk, is provided and coupledto bus 1202 for storing information and instructions.

Computer system 1200 may be coupled via bus 1202 to a display 1212, suchas a cathode ray tube (CRT), for displaying information to a computeruser. An input device 1214, including alphanumeric and other keys, iscoupled to bus 1202 for communicating information and command selectionsto processor 1204. Another type of user input device is cursor control1216, such as a mouse, a trackball, or cursor direction keys forcommunicating direction information and command selections to processor1204 and for controlling cursor movement on display 1212. This inputdevice typically has two degrees of freedom in two axes, a first axis(e.g., x) and a second axis (e.g., y), that allows the device to specifypositions in a plane.

The invention is related to the use of computer system 1200 forimplementing the techniques described herein. According to oneembodiment of the invention, those techniques are performed by computersystem 1200 in response to processor 1204 executing one or moresequences of one or more instructions contained in main memory 1206.Such instructions may be read into main memory 1206 from anothermachine-readable medium, such as storage device 1210. Execution of thesequences of instructions contained in main memory 1206 causes processor1204 to perform the process steps described herein. In alternativeembodiments, hard-wired circuitry may be used in place of or incombination with software instructions to implement the invention. Thus,embodiments of the invention are not limited to any specific combinationof hardware circuitry and software.

The term “machine-readable medium” as used herein refers to any mediumthat participates in providing data that causes a machine to operationin a specific fashion. In an embodiment implemented using computersystem 1200, various machine-readable media are involved, for example,in providing instructions to processor 1204 for execution. Such a mediummay take many forms, including but not limited to, non-volatile media,volatile media, and transmission media. Non-volatile media includes, forexample, optical or magnetic disks, such as storage device 1210.Volatile media includes dynamic memory, such as main memory 1206.Transmission media includes coaxial cables, copper wire and fiberoptics, including the wires that comprise bus 1202. Transmission mediacan also take the form of acoustic or light waves, such as thosegenerated during radio-wave and infra-red data communications. All suchmedia must be tangible to enable the instructions carried by the mediato be detected by a physical mechanism that reads the instructions intoa machine.

Common forms of machine-readable media include, for example, a floppydisk, a flexible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape, or any other magneticmedium, a CD-ROM, any other optical medium, punchcards, papertape, anyother physical medium with patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM,a FLASH-EPROM, any other memory chip or cartridge, a carrier wave asdescribed hereinafter, or any other medium from which a computer canread.

Various forms of machine-readable media may be involved in carrying oneor more sequences of one or more instructions to processor 1204 forexecution. For example, the instructions may initially be carried on amagnetic disk of a remote computer. The remote computer can load theinstructions into its dynamic memory and send the instructions over atelephone line using a modem. A modem local to computer system 1200 canreceive the data on the telephone line and use an infra-red transmitterto convert the data to an infra-red signal. An infra-red detector canreceive the data carried in the infra-red signal and appropriatecircuitry can place the data on bus 1202. Bus 1202 carries the data tomain memory 1206, from which processor 1204 retrieves and executes theinstructions. The instructions received by main memory 1206 mayoptionally be stored on storage device 1210 either before or afterexecution by processor 1204.

Computer system 1200 also includes a communication interface 1218coupled to bus 1202. Communication interface 1218 provides a two-waydata communication coupling to a network link 1220 that is connected toa local network 1222. For example, communication interface 1218 may bean integrated services digital network (ISDN) card or a modem to providea data communication connection to a corresponding type of telephoneline. As another example, communication interface 1218 may be a localarea network (LAN) card to provide a data communication connection to acompatible LAN. Wireless links may also be implemented. In any suchimplementation, communication interface 1218 sends and receiveselectrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital datastreams representing various types of information.

Network link 1220 typically provides data communication through one ormore networks to other data devices. For example, network link 1220 mayprovide a connection through local network 1222 to a host computer 1224or to data equipment operated by an Internet Service Provider (ISP)1226. ISP 1226 in turn provides data communication services through theworld wide packet data communication network now commonly referred to asthe “Internet” 1228. Local network 1222 and Internet 1228 both useelectrical, electromagnetic or optical signals that carry digital datastreams. The signals through the various networks and the signals onnetwork link 1220 and through communication interface 1218, which carrythe digital data to and from computer system 1200, are example forms ofcarrier waves transporting the information.

Computer system 1200 can send messages and receive data, includingprogram code, through the network(s), network link 1220 andcommunication interface 1218. In the Internet example, a server 1230might transmit a requested code for an application program throughInternet 1228, ISP 1226, local network 1222 and communication interface1218.

The received code may be executed by processor 1204 as it is received,and/or stored in storage device 1210, or other non-volatile storage forlater execution. In this manner, computer system 1200 may obtainapplication code in the form of a carrier wave.

In the foregoing specification, embodiments of the invention have beendescribed with reference to numerous specific details that may vary fromimplementation to implementation. Thus, the sole and exclusive indicatorof what is the invention, and is intended by the applicants to be theinvention, is the set of claims that issue from this application, in thespecific form in which such claims issue, including any subsequentcorrection. Any definitions expressly set forth herein for termscontained in such claims shall govern the meaning of such terms as usedin the claims. Thus, no limitation, element, property, feature,advantage or attribute that is not expressly recited in a claim shouldlimit the scope of such claim in any way. The specification and drawingsare, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than arestrictive sense.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method, comprising: receiving, at a server, arequest to record a multimedia content from a client device; obtaining aprogram ID that corresponds to the multimedia content from historicalelectronic program guide (EPG) data; adding, by the server, a wishlistentry that comprises the program ID that corresponds to the multimediacontent from historical EPG data to a wishlist that corresponds to theclient device and sending the wishlist to the client device when themultimedia content is not discovered in current or future EPG data,wherein the client device uses the program ID that corresponds to themultimedia content from historical EPG data for automatically recordingthe multimedia content upon a subsequent showing of the multimediacontent.
 2. The method as recited in claim 1, further comprising:automatically creating, by the server, a wishlist that corresponds tothe client device prior to adding the wishlist entry.
 3. The method asrecited in claim 1, wherein the server obtains the program ID inresponse to determining that the multimedia content is not discovered ina broadcast database and not discovered in a broadband database.
 4. Themethod as recited in claim 3, further comprising: searching thebroadcast database and broadband database for the multimedia content inresponse to receiving the request.
 5. The method as recited in claim 1,further comprising: determining that the client device has opted-in to aservice for synchronization and accessing the client device by theservice.
 6. The method as recited in claim 5, further comprising:receiving a request from the client device to opt-out of the service; inresponse to the request to opt-out of the service, stopping access bythe server to the wishlist that corresponds to the client device.
 7. Anapparatus, comprising: a recording request receiver that receives arequest to record a multimedia content from a client device; a programID lookup subsystem that obtains a program ID that corresponds to themultimedia content from historical electronic program guide (EPG) data;a wishlist management subsystem that adds a wishlist entry thatcomprises the program ID that corresponds to the multimedia content fromhistorical EPG data to a wishlist that corresponds to the client deviceand sends the wishlist to the client device when the multimedia contentis not discovered in current or future EPG data, wherein the clientdevice uses the program ID that corresponds to the multimedia contentfrom historical EPG data for automatically recording the multimediacontent upon a subsequent showing of the multimedia content.
 8. Theapparatus as recited in claim 7, wherein the wishlist managementsubsystem automatically creates a wishlist that corresponds to theclient device prior to adding the wishlist entry.
 9. The apparatus asrecited in claim 7, wherein the program ID lookup subsystem obtains theprogram ID in response to determining that the multimedia content is notdiscovered in a broadcast database and not discovered in a broadbanddatabase.
 10. The apparatus as recited in claim 9, further comprising: aquery subsystem that searches the broadcast database and the broadbanddatabase for the multimedia content in response to receiving therequest.
 11. The apparatus as recited in claim 7, further comprising: asynchronization subsystem that determines that the client device hasopted-in to a service for synchronization and accesses the client deviceby the service.
 12. The apparatus as recited in claim 11, wherein thesynchronization subsystem further stops access to the wishlist thatcorresponds to the client device in response to a request from theclient device to opt-out of the service.
 13. A computer-readable mediumcarrying one or more sequences of instructions, which instructions, whenexecuted by one or more processors, cause the one or more processors tocarry out the steps of: receiving, at a server, a request to record amultimedia content from a client device; obtaining a program ID thatcorresponds to the multimedia content from historical electronic programguide (EPG) data; adding, by the server, a wishlist entry that comprisesthe program ID that corresponds to the multimedia content fromhistorical EPG data to a wishlist that corresponds to the client deviceand sending the wishlist to the client device when the multimediacontent is not discovered in current or future EPG data, wherein theclient device uses the program ID that corresponds to the multimediacontent from historical EPG data for automatically recording themultimedia content upon a subsequent showing of the multimedia content.14. The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 13, furthercomprising: automatically creating, by the server, a wishlist thatcorresponds to the client device prior to adding the wishlist entry. 15.The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 13, wherein the serverobtains the program ID in response to determining that the multimediacontent is not discovered in a broadcast database and not discovered ina broadband database.
 16. The computer-readable medium as recited inclaim 15, further comprising: searching the broadcast database andbroadband database for the multimedia content in response to receivingthe request.
 17. The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 13,further comprising: determining that the client device has opted-in to aservice for synchronization and accessing the client device by theservice.
 18. The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 17,further comprising: receiving a request from the client device toopt-out of the service; in response to the request to opt-out of theservice, stopping access by the server to the wishlist that correspondsto the client device.
 19. A method, comprising: receiving user input torecord a multimedia content on a device; sending a search request basedon the user input to a service; receiving from the service a program IDthat corresponds to the multimedia content from historical electronicprogram guide (EPG) data of the service; adding a wishlist entry thatcomprises the program ID that corresponds to the multimedia content fromhistorical EPG data to a wishlist when the multimedia content is notdiscovered in current or future EPG data, wherein the device uses theprogram ID that corresponds to the multimedia content from historicalEPG data for automatically recording the multimedia content on thedevice.
 20. The method as recited in claim 19, further comprising: inresponse to receiving from the service the program ID that correspondsto the multimedia content from the historical EPG data of the service,automatically creating a wishlist, prior to adding the wishlist entry.21. The method as recited in claim 19, wherein the program ID isincluded in search results when the search results do not compriseinstructions for scheduling to record the multimedia content, a URL, andan IP address.
 22. The method as recited in claim 19, furthercomprising: wherein the request causes the service to search a broadcastdatabase and a broadband database for the multimedia content.
 23. Themethod as recited in claim 19, further comprising: opting-in to theservice for granting the service access for synchronization with thedevice.
 24. The method as recited in claim 23, further comprising:opting-out to the service for granting the service access forsynchronization with the device.
 25. An apparatus, comprising: a userinput receiver that receives user input to record a multimedia contenton a device; a search request subsystem that sends a search requestbased on the user input to a service; a program ID lookup subsystem thatobtains from the service a program ID that corresponds to the multimediacontent from historical electronic program guide (EPG) data of theservice; a wishlist manager that adds a wishlist entry that comprisesthe program ID that corresponds to the multimedia content fromhistorical EPG data to a wishlist when the multimedia content is notdiscovered in current or future EPG data, wherein the device uses theprogram ID that corresponds to the multimedia content from historicalEPG data for automatically recording the multimedia content on thedevice.
 26. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein the wishlistmanager automatically creates a wishlist, prior to adding the wishlistentry.
 27. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein the program IDis included in search results when the search results do not compriseinstructions for scheduling to record the multimedia content, a URL, andan IP address.
 28. The apparatus as recited in claim 25, wherein therequest causes the service to search a broadcast database and abroadband database for the multimedia content.
 29. The apparatus asrecited in claim 25, wherein the device opts-in to the service forgranting the service access for synchronization with the device.
 30. Theapparatus as recited in claim 29, wherein the device opts-out of theservice for granting the service access for synchronization with thedevice.
 31. A computer-readable medium carrying one or more sequences ofinstructions, which instructions, when executed by one or moreprocessors, cause the one or more processors to carry out the steps of:receiving user input to record a multimedia content on a device; sendinga search request based on the user input to a service; receiving fromthe service a program ID that corresponds to the multimedia content fromhistorical electronic program guide (EPG) data of the service; adding awishlist entry that comprises the program ID that corresponds to themultimedia content from historical EPG data to a wishlist when themultimedia content is not discovered in current or future EPG data,wherein the device uses the program ID that corresponds to themultimedia content from historical EPG data for automatically recordingthe multimedia content on the device.
 32. The computer-readable mediumas recited in claim 31, further comprising: in response to receivingfrom the service a program ID that corresponds to the multimedia contentfrom the historical EPG data of the service, automatically creating awishlist, prior to adding the wishlist entry.
 33. The computer-readablemedium as recited in claim 31, wherein the program ID is included insearch results when the search results do not comprise instructions forscheduling to record the multimedia content, a URL, and an IP address.34. The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 31, wherein therequest causes the service to search a broadcast database and abroadband database for the multimedia content.
 35. The computer-readablemedium as recited in claim 31, further comprising: opting-in to theservice for granting the service access for synchronization with thedevice.
 36. The computer-readable medium as recited in claim 35, furthercomprising: opting-out to the service for granting the service accessfor synchronization with the device.